As part of Polish military aid, the Ukrainian army, among other things, received 30 PT-91 Twardy tanks. These tanks were delivered to Ukraine by Poland approximately around 2022-2023. They are among 324 tanks of several types as well as 400 BMP-1 IFVs that the Armed Forces of Ukraine received from the Republic of Poland.
Earlier, there were reports in the media that the Defense Forces of Ukraine are using Polish PT-91 Twardy tanks for operations in the Kursk region. Currently, ArmyInform has published a report on the experience of using PT-91 Twardy tanks by Ukrainian military personnel, which can be considered the first official stories by Ukrainian tankers about using PT-91 Twardy in battles against russian invaders.
Read more: Polish PT-91 Twardy Tanks Already In Ukraine – Officially Confirmed, the Number Is Not Disclosed

As noted in this report, crew training on Polish-made PT-91 Twardy tanks took place directly in Poland. The training course lasted several weeks, during which it was possible to obtain just basic knowledge necessary for operating PT-91 Twardy.
Ukrainian tankers gained direct experience of using these tanks in combat operations directly on the territory of Ukraine, in particular during battles against russian invaders in the Zaporizhzhia direction.
Interestingly, the Ukrainian military perceives the Polish PT-91 Twardy as a development of the Soviet T-72M1 tanks, in particular its power plant, fire control system as well as armor protection of this combat vehicle.

Interestingly, Ukrainian tankers say that if this vehicle is fully operational, then in combat conditions the PT-91 Twardy reveals its potential to its full options. At the same time, if this tank has any malfunctions, then it can betray at the most unexpected moment.
In particular, as Ukrainian tankers say, they had a case when their PT-91 Twardy tank broke down literally 100 meters from the enemy's positions, so they had to leave the battle in the midst of it, with the corresponding risk for the crew.
These Polish tanks are used by the Armed Forces of Ukraine, in particular, to destroy enemy fortifications, and Ukrainian tankers note the high efficiency of the 125-mm tank gun for performing such tasks.

It is noted that in early 2024, Polish PT-91 Twardy tanks, among other armored vehicles in the ranks of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, received electronic warfare equipment as well as protective screens, initially of improvised production, and later factory-made too. Such means of protection have become extremely necessary, as the russians are trying to hunt down Ukrainian tanks, which show high efficiency in destroying enemy infantry and fortifications.
Read more: What Is Special About Polish PT-91 Twardy Tanks, which Ukraine Is About to Receive